The Results of the Thailand Analysis
ADDATI software was used for the cluster analysis, during which 13 classes, or typologies, were identified by grouping all the provinces according to their similarities and differences observed in and across the provinces. The 13 classes, or typologies, could be further classified into three sub-groups:

  1. Most vulnerable, due to the concomitance of different food insecurity and nutrition outcomes, and vulnerability factors. These classes are also characterised by the low or very low per capita income. Classes 3, 12, 6, 8 an d13 are included in this sub-groups;
  2. Vulnerable, but not to the same extent as that of the previous sub-group. Classes 7, 2, 4, 1 and 5 were identified in this subgroup. In general, in these classes, the per capita income is higher than those in the previous sub-group; and
  3. Less vulnerable, but in which some peculiar food insecurity and nutrition outcomes and/or some vulnerability factor can be detected. All the rest of the classes are included in this category. Not surprisingly, the per capita income of these classes is significantly higher than the national average.

Vulnerability Mapping of Provinces and Major Factors Identified

A. The Most Vulnerable Group of Provinces

CLASS 6
(Provinces : 4, WEIGHT : 4.80% of total population)

Significantly negative main food insecurity and nutrition outcomes

The group of provinces with significantly negative health and nutrition condition, as revealed by high percentages of low birthweight, high prevalence of underweight 0-5 years old children and high prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders.

Major vulnerability factors identified:
The cluster of provinces with lowest per capita/household income, highest percentage of inactive household members, with smaller farm holdings, agricultural land are “under mortgage” or rented under “share of produce” arrangement.

Provinces belonging to this class:
Yasothon ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Nong_Bua_Lam_Phu ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Nong_Khai ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Nakhon_Phanom* ...>>>... North-eastern Region
*Province closest to the class centre


CLASS 6
Provinces : 4, WEIGHT : 4.80% of total population

CLASS 1
(Provinces: 19, WEIGHT : 33.95% of total population)

Significantly negative main food insecurity and nutrition outcomes

High prevalence of malnutrition indicated food insecurity in the provinces.

Major vulnerability factors identified:
Most indicators showed negative to food security common among the 19 provinces of the country such as very low per capita/household income, with high percentage of dependent inactive members, and highest “under mortgage” agricultural lands. On agricultural issues, households have smaller lands to produce foods, or renting lands under “share of produce” arrangements.

Provinces belonging to this class:
Buri_Ram ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Surin ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Si_Sa_Ket ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Ubon_Ratchathani ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Chaiyaphum ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Amnat_Charoen* ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Khon_Kaen ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Udon_Thani ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Loei ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Maha_Sarakham ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Roi_Et ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Kalasin ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Sakon_Nakhon ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Mukdahan ...>>>... North-eastern Region
Lampang ...>>>... Northern Region
Uttaradit ...>>>... Northern Region
Phrae ...>>>... Northern Region
Phayao ...>>>... Northern Region
Sukhothai ...>>>... Northern Region

*Province closest to the class centre


CLASS 1
Provinces: 19, WEIGHT : 33.95% of total population

B. Vulnerable Group of Provinces

CLASS 9
(Provinces: 6, WEIGHT : 5.96%total population)

Significantly negative main food insecurity and nutrition outcomes

Class 9 provinces showed significantly food secured population as revealed by improved nutrition condition.

Major vulnerability factors identified:
They are less vulnerable to food insecurity as indicated by most vulnerability factors. Except for high food expenditure vis-à-vis total expenditure values, all parameters showed positive indication of food secured provinces.

Provinces belonging to this class:
Chai_Nat ...>>>... Central Region
Rayong ...>>>... Central Region
Prachuap_Khiri_Khan ...>>>... Southern Region
Songkhla ...>>>... Southern Region
Satun ...>>>... Southern Region
Yala ...>>>... Southern Region
*Province closest to the class centre


CLASS 9
Provinces: 6, WEIGHT : 5.96%total population

C. Less Vulnerable Group of Provinces

CLASS 5
(Provinces: 6, WEIGHT : 6.51%total population)

Significantly negative main food insecurity and nutrition outcomes

Six provinces mostly located in the Bangkok metropolitan area are the least food insecure and its population are nutritionally better-off among all provinces in the country.

Major vulnerability factors identified:
Agricultural issues such as farm size and “under mortgage” agricultural lands showed negative results as these areas are in Greater Bangkok and most households may own less agricultural lands used for food production.

Provinces belonging to this class:
Samut_Prakan* ...>>>... Greater Bangkok
Nonthaburi ...>>>... Greater Bangkok
Nakhon_Pathom ...>>>... Greater Bangkok
Samut_Sakhon ...>>>... Greater Bangkok
Samut_Songkhram ...>>>... Greater Bangkok
Phuket ...>>>... Southern Region
*Province closest to the class centre


CLASS 5
Provinces: 6, WEIGHT : 6.51%total populatio